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eLibrary >
ASHRAE Standard 72-2018 Method of Testing Open and Closed Commercial Refrigerators and Freezers >
ASHRAE Standard 72-2018 Method of Testing Open and Closed Commercial Refrigerators and Freezers, 2018
- ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 72-2018 [Go to Page]
- FOREWORD
- CONTENTS
- 1. PURPOSE
- 2. SCOPE
- 3. DEFINITIONS
- 4. TEST CONDITIONS [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Ambient Conditions. For Sections 4.1.1 through 4.1.3, refer to Figure 4-1.
- 4.2 Power Supply. The power supply shall be maintained at the rated voltage ±4.0% and rated frequency ±1%.
- 4.3 Refrigerant or Secondary Coolant
- Figure 4-1 Location of ambient temperature indicators.
- Figure 4-2 Light-intensity measurement locations (Section 6.1.3).
- Figure 4-3 Light-intensity measurement location for chest freezer or single deck (Section 6.1.3).
- Figure 4-4 Light-intensity measurement location for multideck cases (Section 6.1.3).
- Figure 4-5 Light-intensity measurement location for meat, deli, or fish cases (Section 6.1.3).
- 5. INSTRUMENTS [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Calibration. Instruments shall be of the types and have the accuracies listed in the following subsections and shall be calibrated traceable to National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standards annually.
- 5.2 Temperature Measuring Instruments. Accuracy of temperature measurements shall be within ±0.8°C (±1.4°F). Accuracy of temperature difference measurements shall be within ±0.1°C (±0.2°F). Temperature measurements not specified shall be made...
- 5.3 Pressure Measuring Instruments. Accuracy of all pressure measuring instruments shall be within ±1.7 kPa (0.25 psi) for refrigerant vapor outlet pressure, ±35 kPa (5.1 psi) for liquid refrigerant pressure and ±7.0 kPa (1.0 psi) for secondary co...
- 5.4 Liquid Quantity Measuring Instruments. The liquid quantity measuring system shall be capable of integrating mass flow. Accuracy throughout the total range of flow to be experienced in the test shall ensure that the reported flow is within ±2% of...
- 5.5 Other Instruments. The accuracies of other instruments shall be as follows:
- 6. APPARATUS [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Test Room Conditions. The refrigerator to be tested shall be installed within the controlled test room in accordance with the following.
- 6.2 Loading of Test Simulators and Filler Packages. The product zones shall be filled with test simulators and filler packages as indicated in the following subsections.
- 6.3 Refrigerating Apparatus. For remote refrigerators, an adequate refrigerating apparatus shall be connected in the recommended manner. The following provisions shall be made.
- Table 6-1 Time the Lighting Occupancy Sensors and/or Scheduled Lighting Controls May Dim or Turn Off the Lights
- Figure 6-1 Dimensions of test simulator.
- Figure 6-2 Location of thermocouple in test simulator.
- Figure 6-3 Typical test simulator locations and filler material in refrigerator with shelves.
- Figure 6-4 Typical test simulator locations and filler material in a refrigerator without shelves (wide island refrigerator shown).
- 7. TEST PROCEDURE [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General Requirements
- 7.2 Door Opening Requirements. Each door (and/or drawer) shall be in the fully open position for six seconds, six times per hour, at ten minute intervals for eight consecutive hours. Each door (and/or drawer) shall be opened sequentially, one at a ti...
- 7.3 Defrost. The test shall begin with a defrost period as shown in Figure 7-1.
- 7.4 Stabilization Period. When test conditions specified in Section 4 have been achieved, the refrigerator under test shall be precooled and operated until steady-state conditions occur. For remote refrigerators with direct expansion coils, the refri...
- 7.5 Liquid Flow Measurement
- 7.6 Remote Refrigerator Other Measurements. For direct- expansion coils, Sections 7.6.1 and 7.6.2 shall apply. For secondary coolant coils, Section 7.6.3 shall apply.
- 7.7 Test Simulator Temperature Measurement. Concurrent with the test period for remote refrigerators, or after steady- state conditions occur with self-contained refrigerators, the ambient temperature, test simulator temperatures, and all other data ...
- 7.8 Defrost Adequacy Assurance. The test shall verify that any defrost setting and arrangement is adequate to melt all frost and ice from coils and flues and drain it out of the refrigerator. This shall be checked each time any adjustment is made to ...
- 7.9 Remote Refrigerators—Additional Data. Electrical energy for the refrigerator electrical circuits, such as circuits for anticondensate heaters, fan motors, case lights, and defrost heaters, shall be measured separately (see Section 5.5).
- Figure 7-1 Test, 24-hour period.
- 8. CALCULATIONS (REMOTE REFRIGERATORS ONLY) [Go to Page]
- 8.1 General. The provisions of Section 8 do not apply to self-contained units. The provisions of Section 8.3 shall apply only to direct-expansion coils. The provisions of Section 8.4 shall apply only to secondary coolant coils.
- 8.2 Calculation of Refrigeration Load. The calculated refrigeration load (Wrt in watts or Qrt in Btu/h) is the quotient of the total energy removed from the refrigerator divided by the total time in hours of the running cycle(s) within the test.
- 8.3 Calculation of Direct-Expansion Refrigeration Load. Calculation of the refrigeration load shall be determined from the 24-hour cycle that makes up the test. The following formula shall be used to calculate refrigeration load:
- 8.4 Calculating of Secondary Coolant Refrigeration Load. Calculation of the secondary cooling refrigeration load shall be determined from the 24-hour cycle that makes up the test.
- 8.5 Calculation of Reduction Factor. The formula for calculating the reduction factor in average refrigeration load where the overall time period can be applied is as follows:
- 8.6 Associated Electrical Loads. The measured electrical loads for remote refrigerators shall be reported individually and adjusted to show energy consumption in kilowatt-hours per day. The electrical load categories include anticondensate heaters, f...
- 9. DATA TO BE RECORDED [Go to Page]
- 9.1 Product Description
- 9.2 Test Conditions and Results
- 9.3 Energy Details
- 9.4 Laboratory Details
- 10. NORMATIVE REFERENCES
- INFORMATIVE APPENDIX A—ILLUSTRATIONS FOR MEASURING USABLE VOLUME AND DISPLAY AREA [Go to Page]
- Figure A-1 Sample isometric view of commercial refrigerated display merchandisers for illustrating length of refrigerated space.
- Figure A-2 Sample cross sections of commercial refrigerated display merchandisers for load.
- Figure A-3 Sample cross section of commercial refrigerated storage cabinets for volume calculation.
- INFORMATIVE APPENDIX B—COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATED DISPLAY MERCHANDISER TOTAL DISPLAY AREA (TDA) CALCULATION—NORMATIVE [Go to Page]
- Figure B-1 Vertical open multideck.
- Figure B-2 Vertical open multideck with transparent front.
- Figure B-3 Semivertical open multideck.
- Figure B-4 Semivertical open multideck with transparent front.
- Figure B-5 Horizontal open single-deck.
- Figure B-7 Service-over-counter with flat transparent front.
- Figure B-9 Horizontal open single-deck island.
- Figure B-6 Horizontal open single-deck with transparent front.
- Figure B-8 Service-over-counter with curved transparent front.
- Figure B-10 Horizontal open single-deck island with transparent wall.
- Figure B-11 Horizontal open single-deck island with transparent walls.
- Figure B-13 Vertical end wall with transparent section.
- Figure B-12 Vertical closed multideck with transparent doors.
- Figure B-14 Semivertical end wall with transparent section.
- Figure B-15 Horizontal single-deck and single-deck island end wall with transparent section.
- Figure B-16 Service-over-counter end wall with transparent section.
- Figure B-17 Example TDA for unique geometries.
- Figure B-18 Radius cases with transparent sides.
- INFORMATIVE APPENDIX C—BIBLIOGRAPHY [Go to Page]
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